# Sysadmin commands ## ___________________ ### Sysadmin commands Find your current boot device ``` lsblk -no pkname $(findmnt -n / | awk '{ print $2 }') ``` | Command | Description | |----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | alias | Create an alias for Linux commands. It’s a shorthand way to customize and streamline your commands | | apropos | Search man page names and descriptions. | | atop | htop and top alternative | | awk | A powerful pattern scanning and processing language. It’s used to manipulate data and generate | | blkid | command-line utility to locate/print block device attributes. | | btop | C++ version and continuation of bashtop and bpytop. | | bzip2 | similar to gzip. It uses a different compression algorithm. | | cat | display file contents. | | cd | directory navigation. | | cheat | allows you to create and view interactive cheatsheets on the command line.” | | chmod | change the access permissions of file system objects. | | chown | change file owner and group. | | chpassword | allows users to change the password for various user accounts. | | chroot | run command or interactive shell with a special root directory. | | clear | clears the screen of the terminal. | | comm | compare Two Sorted Files Line by Line | | cp | copying files and folders. | | cron | set up scheduled tasks to run. | | crontab | Schedule commands to run periodically at fixed times, dates, or intervals with the cron da | | dd | convert and copy files. | | df | display disk space usage. | | diff | Compare files line by line. It’s particularly useful for comparing text files such as scripts | | dmesg | prints the message buffer of the kernel ring. | | dstat | view processes, memory, paging, I/O, CPU, etc., in real-time. All-in-one for vmstat, iostat | | du | estimate file space usage. | | env | Run a command in a modified environment. | | expr | perform Math Calculations in Shell | | fdisk | manipulate the disk partition table. | | find | locates files based on some user-specified criteria. | | free | display memory usage. | | fsck | tool for checking the consistency of a file system. | | glances | htop and top alternative | | grep | Search a file for a pattern of characters, then display all matching lines. | | gzip | file compression and decompression. | | history | used to view the previously executed commands. | | htop | interactive process viewer and manager. | | iostat | for storage I/O statistics. | | iotop | interactive I/O viewer. Get an overview of storage r/w activity. | | ip | from Iproute2, a collection of utilities for controlling TCP/IP networking and traffic control | | journalctl | query the systemd journal. | | kill | terminate a process. | | killall | Sends a kill signal to all instances of a process by name. | | last | show a listing of last logged-in users. | | less | similar to the more command with additional features. | | ln | Make links between files. By creating a link, you can access the linked file by more than one p | | locate | search files in Linux. | | ls | list directory contents. | | lspci | List all PCI devices. This is particularly useful for diagnosing hardware and system problem | | lsusb | List USB devices. Similar to lspci, but for USB hardware connected to the system. | | man | for reading system reference manuals. | | mkdir | create or make new directories. | | mkfs | build a Linux file system. | | more | display file contents one screen/page at a time. | | mount / umount | provides access to an entire filesystem in one directory. | | mv | moving files and folders. | | nc | command-line networking utility. (Also, see 60 Linux Networking commands and scripts.) | | ncdu | a disk utility for Unix systems. | | netstat | for network statistics. | | nl | add Line Numbers to a File | | nmon | htop and top alternative | | nohup | Run Commands in the Background. | | parted | for creating and manipulating partition tables. | | passwd | change a user’s password. | | ps | information about the currently running processes. | | pstree | display a tree of processes. | | pv | monitor Data Transfer Progress | | pwd | shows your current directory location. | | rm | removing files and folders. | | rsync | remote file transfers and syncing. | | sar | collects, reports, and saves system activity information, including CPU, memory, disk, and ne | | scp | securely Copy Files Using SCP, with examples. | | screen | hold a session open on a remote server. (also a full-screen window manager) | | sed | A stream editor used to perform basic text transformations on an input stream (a file or input | | sleep | suspends program execution for a specified time. | | sof | List open files and the corresponding processes. This command is invaluable for troubleshootin | | ssh | secure command-line access to remote Linux systems. | | sudo | execute commands with administrative privilege. | | systemctl | central management tool for controlling the init system. | | tac | output file contents, in reverse. | | tail | used to display the tail end of a text file or piped data. | | tar | an archiving utility. | | timeout | auto-Kill Commands After a Set Time | | tldr | Collaborative cheatsheets for console commands. | | tmux | a terminal multiplexer. | | top | shows an overall system view. | | touch | used to update the access date and modification date of a computer file or directory. | | umask | set file mode creation mask. | | uname | show system information (arch, linux version) | | uptime | shows system uptime and load average. | | useradd | create a new user or update default new user information. | | userdel | used to delete a user account and all related files. | | usermod | used to modify or change any attributes of an existing user account. | | vi | text editor. | | vmstat | shows system memory, processes, interrupts, paging, block I/O, and CPU info. | | w | show a list of currently logged-in user sessions. | | wait | Suspend script execution until all jobs running in the background have been terminated. | | watch | Execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen. It’s useful for monitoring comman | | whois | client for the whois directory service. | | yes | auto-Answer Prompts | | zip | for packaging and compressing (to archive) files. | Shortcut to pages overview